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During
America’s Founding, if you believed in
a unified, centralized government powerful enough to defend its
interests, you were mostly likely a(n)
Federalist.
Which of the following
demonstrated the
weakness of the Articles of Confederation, leading to the
Constitutional
Convention?
Shays's Rebellion
Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and
James
Madison wrote which of the following documents that argued in favor of
adopting
the Constitution?
The Federalist Papers
The inspiration behind the focus
of the
Declaration of Independence's on "life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness" was most inspired by which political
philosopher?
John Locke
The method of securing, enacting,
or
maintaining the Constitution's principle of separation of powers is
known as
checks and balances.
If you lived in America in 1783,
what type of
government would you have lived under?
confederation
What is the name of the clause
that is
understood to give Congress the power to pass any law that is necessary
to carry out its expressed powers?
elastic clause
What power does the Supreme Court
possess that
is not expressly given to it by the Constitution?
conducting judicial review
What type of tyranny did the
Federalists fear
the most?
tyranny of the majority
Which of the following concepts
best explains
the underlying reason for the Bill of Rights?
limited government
Which of the following statements
is true
about the Three-Fifths Compromise?
Under this compromise, five
slaves
would count as three free persons in apportioning seats in the House of
Representatives.
Both New England merchants and
southern
planters were harmed economically by which of the following?
Stamp and Sugar Acts
Federal government shutdowns often
occur when
the House and Senate cannot agree on the national budget.
Although many citizens view this as
incompetence, the Founders would likely argue that
government shutdowns are a consequence of the
necessary function of the theory of separation of powers and checks
and balances that the Founders purposely put
into
the Constitution.
As a political value, individual
liberty.
was the most important value
for the
Constitution's authors.
If you were a member of Congress
and wanted to
change the structure of the U.S. government, what mechanism would you
most
likely use?
Suggest an amendment to the
Constitution that addresses the structure of government.
Congress' ability to pass laws
needed to carry
out its expressed powers is known as the __________ clause.
necessary and proper
If you were asked to advise on how
to create a
"living" constitution, which of the following judicial powers would
you be most likely to recommend?
judicial review
This clause in the Constitution
makes it
illegal for the state of Michigan to purposely discriminate against
citizens in
Michigan from the state of Georgia:
comity clause
The Bill of Rights eased concerns
about
an overly powerful central
government.
The core component of the Virginia
Plan was
that it provided for a system of representation in
the national legislature based on the population of each state,
the proportion of each state's
revenue
contribution to the national government, or both.
The process of amending the Constitution is
__________, leading to a __________ proportion of proposed amendments
succeeding.
difficult; very small
Under the terms of the Great Compromise, the
House of Representatives
was based on proportional
representation.
If you were an Antifederalist, which of the
following would most concern you about the central government having
too much
power?
the elastic clause
Which of the following statements about the
Declaration of Independence is accurate?
It specifically identified and focused
on grievances, aspirations, and principles that might unify the various
colonial groups.
Which of the following stipulated that powers
not specifically granted by the Constitution to the federal government
were reserved to the states or to the people?
Tenth Amendment
The
power to make law and to frame public policies
legislative
power
the
power to execute, enforce, and administer law
executive
power
the
power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning,
and to settle disputes that arise within the society
judical
power
What
are the common features of the first state
constitutions?
popular
sovereignty (govt. can only exist with the
consent of the governed), limited government, civil rights and
liberties,
and
seperation of powers and checks and balances
What
is the extent of presidential powers?
power
to act as commander in chief of the armed
forces, power to grant reprieves and pardons, power to make treaties,
and
power to appoint major federal officials
The
legislative, executive, and judicial powers of
government are distributed
separated-among
three distinct and independent
branches of the government- seperation of powers
What
worries did the smaller states have when the
constitution was being formed?
feared
that they would not be able to protect their
interests
What
is the role of precinct election boards?
supervises
the polling place and the voting process in
each precinct; draws precinct lines, fixes the location of each polling
place,
and
picks the members of the precinct boards; opens
and closes the polls at the times set by State law, see that the
ballots and
the
ballot
boxes are available, and counts the votes cast
in each precinct
What
are the different ways to run for President?
self-announcement,
caucus, convention, direct primary,
and petition
What
are the reasons for voter registration?
gives
election officials a list of those persons who
are qualified to vote and identifies voters in terms of their party
preference
What
is the role of minor party candidates?
"spoiler
role"-pull votes from one of the
major parties
critic
and innovator
draw
attention to some issue that the major parties
have ignored
Antifederalists'
concerns about the Constitution
included
a concern that the Constitution did not
specifically enumerate protected civil liberties.
As a political value, individual
liberty ranked behind equality in the minds of the Constitution's
framers.
was preeminent for the
Constitution's authors.
Changing the structure or
composition of the federal government
has been the motivating factor
behind most of the post-Bill of Rights amendments.
The _____ and _____ restricted who
could come to America while the _____ had almost no restrictions.
Spanish, French, English
What were some of the reasons the
English came to America?
profit, owning land, jobs, political
freedom, religious freedom
Groups of people who pooled their
money to form a corporation to finance coming to America.
joint-stock companies
set of rules stating where a colony
was to be founded and how it was to be governed.
Charter
colonies founded under a charter
charter colonies
colonies that were given to people by
the king
proprietary colonies
colonies where the king had direct
control
royal colonies
What were three hazards faced by early
colonists
starvation, disease, Indians.
disagreed with the Church of England,
believed that a congregation should govern itself, wanted to purify the
church.
Puritans
did not believe it was possible to
purify the Anglican church.
Separatists
separatists who first went to Holland
and later to America to have freedom of worship
Pilgrims
The Pilgrims received permission to
settle in _____ but accidentally landed in _____.
Virginia, Massachusetts
first agreement to provide for
self-government in the New World.
Mayflower Compact
name of the first Pilgrim colony.
Plymouth
Indian who was left with the
Pilgrims,
he showed them how to plant corn and squash. He also helped them start
a
trading industry with the neighboring Indians.
Squanto
governor of Plymouth, called for a
three-day celebration of thanksgiving to God.
William Bradfordt
Puritan attempts to reform the
Church
of England from within met with little success. They soon tired of
persecution
and government corruption. Several
Puritan leaders decided it was time to begin an experiment in the New
World.
Massachusetts Bay Company
Leader of the Massachusetts Bay
Company
John Winthrop
A time in the 1630s when over
15,000
puritans arrived in the Massachusetts area.
the "Great Migration"
12 stockholders in the Company who
were given full power to govern the colony.
freemen
A pastor in Salem, was one of the
first to disagree openly with the Puritan leaders and believed that the
Indians owned the
land, believed in the separation of church and state. Founded
Providence, Rhode
Island.
Roger Williams
founded Hartford Connecticut
Thomas Hooker
Connecticut adopted a plan of
union
called the _________. This document was the first written constitution,
or plan of government, drawn up in
America.
the Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut.
fourth New England colony, founded
because of overcrowding.
New Hampshire
explored for both England and the
Netherlands. While sailing for the Netherlands in 1609, he
discovered the river that now bears
his name. He sailed up the river to the present site of Albany, New
York.
Henry Hudson
claimed by the Dutch, eventually
became New York.
New Netherland
governor of a settlement on
Manhattan
Island, called New Amsterdam, later New York.
Peter Minuit
The Dutch promised large
grants of
land to anyone who could bring fifty settlers to the New World.
Those who received these large grants
were called _____.
patroons
He sent warships to capture New
Amsterdam, and the settlers saw the fleet and decided to surrender.
They were dissatisfied with the Dutch
government and were not prepared to defend themselves.
the Duke of York
The Duke of York gave the southern
portion of his new territory to two of his friends, _____ and _____.
This
territory became New Jersey.
Sir George Carteret and Lord
John
Berkeley
founded by the Quakers.
Pennsylvania
was paid a large tract of
land in
America to settle a debt, founded Pennsylvania.
William Penn
originally founded by the Swedes,
it
passed into Dutch, then English hands and eventually became Delaware.
New Sweden
first permanent settlement was
Jamestown, grew much tobacco, their charter was revoked and it became a
royal
colony.
Virginia
given to Catholics as a colony for
themselves
Maryland
founded Maryland
Cecilius Calvert, called Lord
Baltimore
guaranteed religious freedom to
all
who believed in the Trinity, this was the first written law of
religious free-
dom in the colonies.
Act of Toleration
Charles II wished to reward those
who
had been loyal to the royal family during the civil war, so he gave
them this
tract of land.
the Carolinas
two cash crops in the Carolinas
tobacco and indigo
founded Georgia
James Oglethorpe
Was founded as a buffer zone
between
the colonies and Spanish Florida, and as a home for debtors to pay off
their
debts.
Georgia
Which crop often served as money
for
payment of taxes and wages in Virginia?
tobacco
Which city became an important
commercial center in the Carolinas?
Charleston
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